Churn



I. 1. RUSSELL.

CHURN. APPLICATION FILED MAY 22, 1920.

1,359,277, Patented Nov. 16, 1920'.

2 SHEETSSIIEET I.

Hwy/96% 1. J. RUSSELL.

' CHURN.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 22, 1920.

1 ,359 ,27 7, Patented Nov. 16, 1920,.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2- UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH J. RUSSELL, OF FALKVILLE, ALABAMA.

CHURN.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

. Be it known that I, Josnrn J. RUSSELL, a citizen of the United States, residing at F alkville, in the county of Morgan and State of Alabama, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Churns;

and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

The object of this invention is to provide a novel construction of churn which will be simple in construction, thoroughly efficient in operation and which can be manufactured and sold at a reasonable cost.

A further object is to provide a churn which will be compact in its organization so as to occupy a minimum amount of space.

With these objects in View, and others appearing as the specification proceeds and the nature of the invention is more fully disclosed, the invention resides in the novel construction, combination and arrangement of parts of a churn, as will be hereinafter fully described in the specification, summed up in the claim and illustrated in the drawmgs.

The accompanying drawings clearly disclose an exemplary construction capable of carrying out the underlying principles of the invention. Briefly described:

Figure 1 is a view in front elevation of the churn, and

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view on the line 2, 2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a detached detail view in bottom plan of one of the clamping shoes.

Referring now in detail to the drawings:

A suitable frame is provided for the working parts of the churn, and, as herein shown, such frame preferably comprises the following instrumentalities, namely: two horizontally disposed base bars 1, 1, intersecting each other at right angles centrally of the length thereof, one of said bars having a hinged section 2, hinged at 3 to the other bar 1, so that said hinged section may be swung upward in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 2 when the churn is not in operation. Said hinged section is provided at its free end with a depending leg 4, whereby said section may be supported in a hori- Specifieation of Letters Patent. Patent d N 16 1920 l V 0 Application filed May 22, 1920. Serial No. 383,567.

zontal position with respect to the ground, or other support, upon which the churn rests, and thereby remove strain from the hinge Adjustably carried upon the upper surface of the bars 1, 1 are shoes 5, four of said shoes being preferably used. Each of said shoes is provided with a longitudinally extending slot 6, extending from one I end thereof, through which bolts 7 pass, carrymg on the threaded endsthereof nuts 8, whereby said shoes may be clamped in adusted position, as is obvious. Said shoes are adapted to engage the exterior surface of a contamer such as a glass jar 9, and in use bear against the exterior surface of such Jar at diametric points thereon, as shown in the drawings, thereby preventing sidewlse displacement of said jar. Said frame also comprises the two vertical side bars 10, 10, suitably secured toward the lower ends thereof to one of the base bars 1, as shown in Fig. 1. Rising from the other base bar 1 at the end thereof opposite the hinged section 2, are vertical bars 11, 11, preferably of substantially one-half the length of the bars 10, 10 and suitably secured to said base bar 1 toward the lower end thereof. Connecting the side bars 10, 10 at their upper ends 18 a crossbar 12 and intermediate the length thereof, is a second cross bar 18. Disposed between the top cross bar 12 and the intermediate cross bar 13 are two spaced bars 1 1-, 1 1, provided each with a longitudinally extending slot 15, extending from the bottom thereof.

Disposed'in each slot 15 is a vertical rod 16, parallel with the walls of said slot, as shown in Fig. 2, for a purpose presently appearing. Said rods 16 extend from the top of the slots 15 to the intermediate cross bar 13.

Connecting each bar 14 and the top of the corresponding bar 11 is an inclined bar 17 suitably secured to said bars. 11 and 14. Each of said bars 17 is provided on its upper face with a longitudinally extending rack 18 for a purpose presently appearing.

Disposed between the intermediate cross bar 13 and one of the base bars 1 are two vertical rods 19, 19, loosely projecting through the ends of a bar 20 having reduced terminals 21, 21, connected with each of which is one end of a retractile coil spring 22, the other end of which is secured to one of the base bars 1, as shown in Fig. 1. Said direction.

bar 20, as shown in the drawings, extends diametrically acrossthe mouth of the container 9 and bears thereupon, the springs 22, 22 clamping said bar against said container 9 and thereby preventing accidental displacement thereof in a vertically upward Thus the shoes 5, cooperating with the clamping bar 20, secure the container 9 against movement in any direction.

Preferably, the top, or cover, 23 for thejar 9 is interposed between the mouth of said jar and the clamping bar 20, whereby escape of the contents of said jar is prevented when the churn is in operation. Said top 23 is not the regular conventional to) used in connection with jars such as ason jars and the like, but is simply a disk fitting loosely upon the top of the mouth of said jar and provided with a central aperture through which, and through a corresponding aperture in the clamping bar 20, slidably projects a plunger shaft 24, V

to wrist pins 30 of cranks 31 on the exte' riorly projecting ends of a crank shaft 32, rotatably supported in and extending transversely of. the bars '14, 14.

Fast on said crank shaft 32 and disposed between the bars 14, 14'is a pulley 33, over which and over a second lower pulley 34, passes an endless belt 35. Said second pulley 34 is fast on a shaft 35, rotatably supported in the bars 11, 11 at the upper ends thereof. On one exteriorly projectingend of said shaft 35 is fixed a crank 36, provided with a crank handle 37, by means of which the pulley 34 may be rotated, thus imparting movement to the belt 35 and the pulley 33, which, in turn, rotates the cranks 31, 31, actuating the pitman rods'28, 28 to elevate the cross head 26 and the plunger shaft 24, connected therewith.

The invention comprehends suitable means for tensioning the belt 35, such tensioning means being capable of adjustment- As herein shown such tensioning means comprises the following instrumentalities:

rack 18 on the bar 17. It will be noted that,

in operation, by swinging the bracket arms 40, 40 on their pivots 41, in a downward direction, and engaging the pawl 43 with a lower tooth on the racks 18, 18, the tension roller 38 is moved in a direction away from the belt 35, thus decreasing the tension thereon and that, by swinging the bracket arms in the reverse direction, so that said pawls 43, 43 engage a higher tooth on the rack bars, the tension roller 38 is movedin a direction toward the belt to increase the tension thereof.

The operation of the invention is thought to be clear from the description of the construction and the incidental description of the operation given in connection with said description of the construction, and further description of the operation is, therefore, deemed unnecessary, as being mere repet1- tion.

The invention may be said to reside in three features, namely: (1) the specific mechanism for reciprocating the plunger shaft 24 and thus moving the dashers 25, 25 up and down in the container 9 (2) in the specific means for holding "and clamping the container 9 in position against accidental displacement during the churning operation, and in the specific means for tensioning the belt 35. V 1

WVhat Iclaim to be new is:

In a churn, the combination of a base, adapted to support a container for the liquid to be churned; means for yieldingly clamping said container against upward displacement, comprising a member adapted to extend transversely of the top of said container, and retractile coiled springs, one end thereof being secured to said member, and the other end thereof to said base; and vertical guide rods projecting through said member and on which said member is slidable. r

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature.

JOSEPH J. RUSSELL. 

